Days on earth will last 25 hours

 Scientists Confirm days on Earth will last 25 hours instead of 24 hours in future

If you have ever heard that Earth will “soon” switch to 25-hour days, the key word you should question is soon. Scientists reveal that Earth's rotation is slowing down, and a 25-hour day could be in our future. The length of a day on Earth may not be as fixed as we once believed. For centuries, we’ve lived by the 24-hour cycle, but recent research reveals that the planet’s rotation is gradually slowing down, which could lead to days lasting 25 hours in the distant future. According to the study, Earth could eventually experience days that last 25 hours. The research used laser-based instruments capable of measuring subtle changes in Earth’s rotation with incredible precision. Based on these measurements, scientists predict that in 200 million years, Earth’s day could extend by an entire hour. The potential transition to longer days raises fascinating questions about how life on Earth might adapt. From adjusting timekeeping systems to biological effects on circadian rhythms, the consequences of such a change could reshape how humans live and work.

Scientists do expect Earth’s rotation to keep slowing down, but the change is so gradual that it is invisible in everyday life. Still, the idea is real, and it comes down to a simple tug-of-war between Earth and the Moon. The same forces that move ocean tides also act like a tiny brake on the spinning planet, adding time to the day one sliver at a time. For millennia, humans have lived by the 24-hour day, marking time with the rise and set of the sun. Yet, the true length of a day is not a simple 24 hours. In fact, the sidereal day, the time it takes for Earth to complete one full rotation relative to the stars, lasts 23 hours, 56 minutes, and 4 seconds. The small discrepancy in time is adjusted by the solar day, which we commonly recognize as 24 hours. According to Ground News, this seemingly steady rhythm is changing. Earth’s rotation has never been perfectly constant, and factors like gravitational interactions, internal shifts within the planet, and atmospheric changes all play roles in altering the speed of Earth’s spin. Earth’s oceans bulge because of the Moon’s gravity, creating tides which rise and fall as the planet spins. But the tidal bulges do not line up perfectly with the Moon, because the oceans and seafloor create friction, and that friction steals a little rotational energy from Earth. A clear, official walkthrough of this process is described in NASA’s eclipse and Earth rotation explainer. In practical terms, Earth’s spin slows down, and the Moon slowly drifts farther away as the system trades energy. If that sounds abstract, picture pushing a spinning office chair with your foot lightly dragging on the floor. The chair keeps turning, but it gradually loses speed.

A combination of internal and external forces influences the speed at which Earth rotates. The most significant of these is the Moon’s gravitational pull, which generates tidal forces on Earth. This interaction causes a slight frictional force that gradually slows Earth’s spin. The redistribution of mass within the planet, including movements of the Earth’s core and the effects of melting ice, also contributes to these shifts in rotational speed. Also, the precession of Earth’s axis, slow changes in the tilt of the planet, impacts the rate at which Earth rotates, albeit in more subtle ways. Most of us learn that a day is 24 hours, because that is how we run school schedules, work shifts and the alarm clock. But if you measure Earth’s spin using distant stars instead of the Sun, you get a slightly shorter value called a sidereal day, explained in simple terms by NASA’s Space Place. The difference is not a mistake, it is just two ways of measuring motion. Earth is turning while also moving around the Sun, so the planet has to rotate a bit more for the Sun to appear in the same spot in the sky again. Even the 24-hour “solar day” is not perfectly constant. It wobbles by tiny amounts, and over very long stretches of time it trends longer.

Thousands of years ago, Earth was spinning much faster. When the Moon first formed around 4.5 billion years ago, a single Earth day lasted only about 10 hours. Over time, the Moon’s gravitational influence slowed Earth’s rotation, gradually lengthening the day. By the time Earth reached the early stages of its current configuration, the day had stretched to between 19 and 20 hours. This deceleration has continued over the last 600 million years, and the trend shows no signs of reversing. The current average day length of 24 hours is a result of this complex, on-going process. This is where headlines can get sloppy. There is no calendar date anyone can circle. The best-known estimates point to a timescale on the order of about 200 million years, assuming the Earth-Moon system keeps evolving in broadly the same way. One line of research behind this discussion comes from a University of Toronto team, highlighted in an official explainer from the University of Toronto Faculty of Arts and Science. Astrophysicist Norman Murray is one of the researchers connected to this work on how Earth’s day length has changed over deep time. So yes, the 25-hour day is “on the timeline.” But it is so far off that it will not affect humans, civilization or even the shape of our calendars in any practical sense.

Tides are the long, slow drumbeat, but they are not the only influence. Earth’s rotation can shift slightly when mass moves around the planet, like when ice melts or large amounts of water redistribute. The link between climate-driven mass changes and Earth’s spin is discussed in a NASA overview of rotation changes tied to ice and groundwater. These effects still operate on tiny scales, but they show the day length is shaped by more than one process. Even big engineering projects can have a measurable impact in theory, which is why some readers connect this to Earth’s rotation. It is a reminder that, at high precision, Earth is not a perfectly rigid spinning top. You cannot feel Earth losing a tiny fraction of a second over a lifetime. So how do researchers know it is happening? They compare extremely precise clocks with astronomical observations and long historical records, including old eclipse timings. Modern timekeeping also tracks small mismatches between clock time and Earth’s rotation. That is why organizations like the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service publish official bulletins tied to Earth orientation and timing. 

On the clock side, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) explains how leap seconds have been used to keep global time close to Earth’s rotation. The US Naval Observatory posts public leap-second announcements which shows how closely timekeepers watch the planet’s spin. Even though the effects of Earth’s rotational slowdown may not be immediately perceptible to most people, this study provides a fascinating glimpse into the dynamic forces shaping our planet. Currently, the 24-hour day remains a familiar constant, but the future could unfold very differently, with humanity facing a world where days may no longer adhere to the same rigid 24-hour pattern we’ve always known till today.

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Humans may have more than 30 senses

Scientists say that humans have more senses than actually thought

Modern research shows that humans may have between 22 and 33 senses, not five. Almost all of our experiences are multisensory, where senses arise simultaneously, influencing each other. Stuck in front of our screens all day, we often ignore our senses beyond sound and vision. And yet they are always at work. When we're more alert, we feel the rough and smooth surfaces of objects, the stiffness in our shoulders, the softness of bread. In the morning, we may feel the tingle of toothpaste, hear and feel the running water in the shower, smell the shampoo and later the aroma of freshly brewed coffee.

Scientists at Cambridge University found that the human brain goes through five key phases of development, with adolescence lasting until age 32. Aristotle said that there were five senses. But he also said that the world was made up of five elements, and we no longer believe that. And modern research is showing we may actually have dozens of senses. Almost all of our experience is multisensory. We don't see, hear, smell and touch in separate parcels. They occur simultaneously in a unified experience of the world around us and of ourselves. According to Professor Charles Spence from the Crossmodal Laboratory in Oxford, there are between 22 and 33 senses. These include proprioception, which allows us to know where our limbs are without looking at them. Our sense of balance relies on the vestibular system of the ear canals, as well as on vision and proprioception.

What we feel affects what we see, and what we see affects what we hear. Different odours in shampoo can affect how you perceive the texture of hair. The fragrance of roses makes hair seem silkier, for instance. The odours of liquids in our mouth affect how they feel. Odours in low-fat yogurts can make them feel richer and thicker on the palate without adding more emulsifiers. Perception of odours in the mouth, rising to the nasal passage, is modified by the viscosity of the liquids we consume. Another example is interoception, through which we feel changes in our own body, such as a slight increase in heart rate and hunger. We also have a sense of our own will when we move our limbs: a feeling that can disappear in patients who have had a stroke, and sometimes they even believe that someone else is moving their hand

Vision is affected by our vestibular system. When you are on board an airplane on the ground, look down into the cabin. Look again when you are ascending. It will "seem" to you as if the front of the cabin is higher than it actually is, although optically everything is in the same relation to you as on the ground. What you "see" is the combined effect of vision and your ear canals, which tells you that you are moving backward. Likewise, the size-weight illusion is illustrated by a set of small, medium and large curling stones. People can lift each one and decide which is heaviest. The smallest one feels heaviest, but people can then place them on balancing scales and discover that they are all the same weight. There is the sense of ownership. Stroke patients sometimes feel their arm is not their own, for instance, even though they may still feel sensations in it.

Some of the traditional senses are combinations of several senses. Touch, for instance, involves pain, temperature, itch, and tactile sensations. When we taste something, we are actually experiencing a combination of three senses: touch, smell, and taste, or gustation, which combine to produce the flavours we perceive in food and drinks. Gustation covers sensations produced by receptors on the tongue which enable us to detect salt, sweet, sour, bitter and umami (savoury). What about mint, mango, melon, strawberry, raspberry? We don't have raspberry receptors on the tongue, nor is raspberry flavour some combination of sweet, sour, and bitter. There is no taste arithmetic for fruit flavours. We perceive them through the combined workings of the tongue and the nose. It is smell that contributes the lion's share to what we call tasting.

This is not inhaling odours from the environment, though. Odour compounds are released as we chew or sip, travelling from the mouth to the nose through the nasal pharynx at the back of the throat. Touch plays its part too, binding tastes and smells together and fixing our preferences for runny or firm eggs, and the velvety, luxurious gooeyness of chocolate. Taste is a combination of signals from tongue receptors, smell and touch. That is why fruit flavours cannot be reduced to a simple combination of sweet, sour or bitter: we do not have "raspberry receptors," and the perception of such flavours is largely formed by smell. The rise of the aisle in an aircraft cabin is determined by your vestibular system. The senses offer a rich seam of research, and philosophers, neuroscientists and psychologists work together at the Centre for the Study of the Senses at the University of London's School of Advanced Study.

In 2013, the centre launched its Rethinking the Senses project, directed by the late Professor Sir Colin Blakemore. It was discovered how modifying the sound of your own footsteps can make your body feel lighter or heavier. It was learned how audioguides in the Tate Britain art museum which addresses the listener as if the model in a portrait was speaking enable visitors to remember more visual details of the painting. We discovered how aircraft noise interferes with our perception of taste and why you should always drink tomato juice on a plane. While our perception of salt, sweet, and sour is reduced in the presence of white noise, umami is not, and tomatoes and tomato juice are rich in umami. This means the aircraft's noise will enhance the savoury flavour.

People can discover for themselves how their senses work and why they don't work as we think they do. But there are always plenty of things around you to show how intricate your senses are, if you only pause for a moment to take it all in. So next time you walk outside or savour a meal, take a moment to appreciate how your senses are working together to help you feel all the sensations involved. So it was concluded that human senses are not a set of separate "channels,", rather it's a combined effect in most of the cases.

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